Enamel and dentinal defects in children and ageing population: Diagnosis and Solutions.

Carious lesions and enamel defects like MIH, fluorosis, and hypoplasia risk severe damage. Proper diagnosis is key, as some treatments may harm. Few ingredients offer real remineralizing benefits. This presentation reviews clinical cases, diagnoses, and minimally invasive treatments.

Initial carious lesions and enamel defects represent a real challenge for dentists and smile professionals. Caries and diseases affecting the formation of dental tissues, such as molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH), fluorosis, hypoplasia, and imperfect amelogenesis, if not treated correctly, can cause significant aesthetic and functional damage, up to the compromise and loss of dental elements. It is essential to recognize the different aspects of the lesions, but even more important is to know which of the possible treatments can be truly effective and which, in addition to being useless, can even be harmful. Numerous active ingredients boast remineralizing, regenerating, and reparative properties. However, research in hand, only some of them can boast functions of real clinical interest. The presentation aims to analyze, through numerous clinical cases, the most frequent problems related to hard tissue diseases of the teeth, to set up a correct differential diagnosis, and to evaluate the limits and benefits of different approaches, techniques, and materials for truly minimally invasive dentistry.