This treatment option also influences the decision of when to extract a tooth, how to make the extraction, when to place an implant, or whether or not to graft the extraction site. However, endo complications alone or in combination with periodontal complication have different predictability. Therefore, the treatment has to be adjusted to the etiology of the complication, which leads to the extraction. In other words, the option of immediate or delayed placement is dependent on the cause of failure, endo or endo/perio.

This lecture will outline the factors, which influence the decision of implant placement timing following endo failure, including the adecvate  grafting procedure.

Further, the importance of maintaining strategic teeth with endo  re-treatment and repeated apicectomy in specific aesthetic sites will be described. On the other hand, in non aesthetic sites, treatment with implants makes the decision of endo treatment dependent on the prosthetic strategic importance of the tooth.